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DOI 10.34014/2227-1848-2020-3-44-57

 

RESULTS OF ENDOVASCULAR MYOCARDIAL REVASCULARIZATION AND QUALITY OF LIFE IN SUCH PATIENTS AGED UNDER 40

 

F.Z. Abdullaev, F.E. Abbasov, N.M. Babaev, L.S. Shikhieva, G.A. Amrakhova

M.A. Topchubashov Scientific and Surgical Center, Baku, Azerbaijan

 

The aim of the paper is to correlate the results of endovascular myocardial revascularization (EMR) in patients under 40 years of age with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) / stable angina, primary EMRage ≤35/36–40 and stent diameter.

Materials and Methods. The authors examined 208 patients (24–40 years of age) with coronary artery disease: 157 patients (75.5 %) aged 36–40; 51 patients (24.5 %) aged ≤35. All in all, 165 (79.3 %) patients underwent EMR; 32 patients (15.4 %) underwent coronary artery bypass grafting; 11 patients (5.3 %) refused medical intervention. EMR results and the quality of life were studied in 126 patients (76.4 %) at 10–107 months of observation (62.5±2.6 months).

Results. 84 patients with ACS (50.9 %) and 81 patients with stable angina (49.1 %) underwent EMR. There were no any peri-procedural complications. The authors observed 0 % hospital and 30-day mortality. The survival rate of patients for the period up to 9 years was 99.2 %; long-term mortality was 0.8 %; the constancy of results up to 1, 2 and 3 years of follow-up was 90.5 %, 84.1 % and 81.7 %, respectively, and up to 5–9 years it was 79.4 %. An active lifestyle was verified in 74.6 % of patients; a sparing lifestyle was observed in 25.4 %; 86.5 %, of patients returned to work; transient sexual disorders were found in 28.6% of patients. 83.3 % and 27.8 % of patients kept to drug therapy and dietary regimen. 34.1 % and 23.8 % of patients kept smoking and taking power drinks; overweight and obesity were observed in 23.8 % and 19 % of patients. Recurrent myocardial infarction (MI) / angina was verified in 23 % of patients; 20.6 % of patients underwent second EMR. 23 % of patients got depressed due to recurrent myocardial infarction / angina, while 18.3 % of patients were down due to the quarantine (COVID-19); 6.3 % suffered from panic attacks, for fear of recurrent anginous pain.

Conclusion. Predictors of recurrent EMR and stability of results were: 1) ACS; 2) patients’ age (≤35); 3) history of MI, ejection fraction ≤35–40 %, diabetes; 4) stent diameter (<28 mm); 5) smoking and taking power drinks. The leading predictor was the aggressiveness of atherosclerosis and diabetes in persons under 40, causing: a) early stent dysfunction; b) native and “protected” coronary vessels damage in case of intact stents patency.

Keywords: ischemic heart disease, young patients, risk profile, semiotics of coronary arteries, endovascular myocardial revascularization, quality of life.

Conflict of interest. The authors declare no conflict of interest.

 

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Received 08 May 2020; accepted 08 August 2020.

 

Information about the authors

Abdullaev Fuad Zeynalovich, Doctor of Sciences (Medicine), Professor, Cardiac Surgeon, Chief Researcher, Department of Heart Surgery, M.A. Topchubashov Scientific and Surgical Center. AZ 1122, Azerbaijan, Baku, Sharif-zade Street, 196; e-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it., ORCID ID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9759-2871

Abbasov Fazil' Eyvaz oglu, Doctor of Sciences (Medicine), Professor, Cardiac Surgeon, Head of the Department of Heart Surgery, M.A. Topchubashov Scientific and Surgical Center. AZ 1122, Azerbaijan, Baku, Sharif-zade Street, 196; e-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it., ORCID ID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6867-8251

Babaev Nidzhat Maksad oglu, Junior Researcher, Cardiologist, M.A. Topchubashov Scientific and Surgical Center. AZ 1122, Azerbaijan, Baku, Sharif-zade Street, 196; e-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it., ORCID ID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9936-7109

Shikhieva Larisa Sabir gyzy, Candidate of Sciences (Medicine), Cardiologist, Senior Researcher, M.A. Topchubashov Scientific and Surgical Center. AZ 1122, Azerbaijan, Baku, Sharif-zade Street, 196; e-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it., ORCID ID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8479-989X

Amrakhova Gyunay Arastun gyzy, Cardiac Surgeon, M.A. Topchubashov Scientific and Surgical Center. AZ 1122, Azerbaijan, Baku, Sharif-zade Street, 196; e-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it., ORCID ID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1738-2311

 

For citation

Abdullaev F.Z., Abbasov F.E., Babaev N.M., Shikhieva L.S., Amrakhova G.A. Iskhody endovaskulyarnoy revaskulyarizatsii miokarda i posleduyushchee kachestvo zhizni u bol'nykh molozhe 40 let [Results of endovascular myocardial revascularization and quality of life in such patients aged under 40]. Ul'yanovskiy mediko-biologicheskiy zhurnal. 2020; 3: 44–57. DOI: 10.34014/2227-1848-2020-3-44-57 (in Russian).

 

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УДК 616.127-089.844:616-059

DOI 10.34014/2227-1848-2020-3-44-57

 

ИСХОДЫ ЭНДОВАСКУЛЯРНОЙ РЕВАСКУЛЯРИЗАЦИИ МИОКАРДА И ПОСЛЕДУЮЩЕЕ КАЧЕСТВО ЖИЗНИ У БОЛЬНЫХ МОЛОЖЕ 40 ЛЕТ

 

Ф.З. Абдуллаев, Ф.Э. Аббасов, Н.М. Бабаев, Л.С. Шихиева, Г.А. Амрахова

Научный центр хирургии им. М.А. Топчибашева, г. Баку, Азербайджан

 

Цель. Корреляция результатов эндоваскулярных реваскуляризаций миокарда (ЭВРМ) у больных моложе 40 лет с острым коронарным синдромом (ОКС) / стабильной стенокардией, возрастом при первичной ЭВРМ ≤35 лет / 36–40 лет и диаметром стентов.

Материалы и методы. Обследовано 208 больных ИБС в возрасте 24–40 лет: 157 (75,5 %) чел. – в возрасте 36–40 лет, 51 (24,5 %) – ≤35 лет. ЭВРМ выполнена 165 (79,3 %) больным, коронарное шунтирование – 32 (15,4 %), 11 (5,3 %) пациентов отказались от вмешательства. Исходы ЭВРМ и качество жизни изучены у 126 (76,4 %) больных на сроках 10–107 мес. (62,5±2,6 мес.) наблюдения.

Результаты. ЭВРМ выполнена 84 (50,9 %) больным ОКС и 81 (49,1 %) больному стабильной стенокардией. Перипроцедурных осложнений не выявлено. Госпитальная и 30-дневная летальность составила 0 %. Выживаемость пациентов на сроках до 9 лет – 99,2 %; отдаленная летальность – 0,8 %; сохранность результатов до 1, 2 и 3 лет наблюдения составила соответственно 90,5, 84,1 и 81,7 %, до 5–9 лет – 79,4 %. Активный образ жизни верифицирован у 74,6 % обследованных, щадящий – у 25,4 %, возврат к работе – у 86,5 %, транзиторные сексуальные нарушения – у 28,6 %. Медикаментозную терапию и диетический режим питания соблюдали 83,3 и 27,8 % пациентов. Продолжали курить и принимать энергетические напитки 34,1 и 23,8 % обследованных; избыточный вес и ожирение сохранялись у 23,8 и 19 %. Рецидив инфаркта миокарда (ИМ) / стенокардии отмечен у 23 % пациентов; повторные ЭВРМ выполнены 20,6 % больным. Депрессию из-за рецидива ИМ / стенокардии отмечали 23 % пациентов, ввиду карантина (COVID-19) – 18,3 %; 6,3 % страдали паническими атаками, боясь повторения ангинозных болей.

Выводы. Предикторами повторных ЭВРМ и стабильности результатов являются: 1) ОКС; 2) возраст ≤35 лет; 3) анамнез ИМ, фракция выброса ≤35–40 %, диабет; 4) диаметр стентов <28 мм; 5) курение и прием энергетических напитков. Ведущий предиктор – агрессивность атеросклероза и диабета у лиц не старше 40 лет, обусловливающих: а) раннюю дисфункцию стентов; б) при сохранной проходимости стентов – поражение нативных и «защищенных» коронарных сосудов.

Ключевые слова: ишемическая болезнь сердца, молодые больные, профиль риска, семиотика коронарных артерий, эндоваскулярная реваскуляризация миокарда, качество жизни.

Конфликт интересов. Авторы заявляют об отсутствии конфликта интересов.

 

Литература

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  2. Konishi H., Miyauchi K., Kasai T., Tsuboi Sh., Ogita M., Naito R., Katoh Y., Okai I., Tamura H., Okazaki S., Daida H. Long-term prognosis and clinical characteristics of young adults (≤40 years old) who underwent percutaneous coronary intervention. J. Cardiology. 2014; 64 (3): 171–174. DOI: http://dx.doi.org /10.1016/j.jjcc.2013.12.005.

  3. Chua Su-Kiat, Hung Huei-Fong, Shyu Kou-Gi, Cheng Jun-Jack, Chiu Chiung-Zuan, Chang Che-Ming. Acute ST-elevation Myocardial Infarction in Young Patients: 15 Years of Experience in a Single Center. Clin. Cardiol. 2010; 33 (3): 140–148. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/clc.20718.

  4. Meliga E., De Benedictis M., Gagnor A., Belli R., Scrocca I., Lombardi P., Conrotto F., Aranzulla T., Varbella F. Conte M.R. Long-term outcomes of percutaneous interventions with stent implantation in patients ≤40 years old. Am. J. Cardiol. 2012; 109 (12): 1717–1721. DOI: http://doi:10.1016/j.amjcard.2012.01.400.

  5. Feijo I.P., Schmidt M.M., David R.B., Martins J.M.P., Schmidt K.E., Gottscha lL. Clinical profile and outcomes of primary percutaneous coronary intervention in young patients. Rev. Bras. Cardiol. Invasiva. 2015; 23 (1): 48–51. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rbci.2015.01.006.

  6. Trzeciak P., Gierlotka M., Gasior M., Lekston A., Zembala M., Polonski L. After Acute Coronary Syndrome Treatment in Patients Aged <40 Years of Age (from the Polish Registry of Acute Coronary Syndromes). Am. J. Cardiol. 2014; 114 (2): 175–180. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amjcard.2014.04.024.

  7. Чарышкин А.Л., Матвеева Л.В., Юдин А.Н. Оценка эффективности чрескожных коронарных вмешательств у пациентов до 40 лет с ишемической болезнью сердца. Ульяновский медико-биологический журнал. 2017; 3: 28–36. DOI: https://doi.org/10.23648/UMBJ.2017.27.7073.

  8. Han T., Wang Q., Yang H., Zhou S., Wang J., Jing J., Zhang T., Liu Y. Chen Y. Risk factors for repeat percutaneous coronary intervention in young patients (≤45 years of age) with acute coronary syndrome. Peer J. 2019; 7: e6804. DOI: https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.6804.

  9. Cader F.A., Rahman A., Rahman M.A., Zaman Sh., Arefin M.M., Reza A.T., Matin M.A., Islam S., Afroz F., Jafor A.H. Comparison of Short-term Outcomes of Percutaneous Coronary Intervention between Young Male and Female Patients with Acute Coronary Syndrome. Bangladesh Heart Journal. 2018; 33 (1): 1–9. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bhj.v33i1.37015.

  10. Patted S.V., Porwal S.C., Halkati P.C., Ambar S., Prasad M.R., Metgudmath V.B., Hesarur V., Konin R.S. Comparison of Clinical profile and outcome between young (≤45yrs) male and female patients with coronary artery disease undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention, a single center study. Journal of Medical Science and Clinical Research. 2017; 05 (02): 17919–17925. DOI: https://dx.doi:10.18535 /jmscr/v5i2.117.

  11. Trzeciak P., Wozakowska-Kaplon B., Niedziela J., Gierlotka M., Hawranek M., Lekston A. Comparison of In-hospital and 12- and 36-Month Outcomes After Acute Coronary Syndrome in Men Versus Women <40 Years (from the PL-ACS Registry). Am. J. Cardiol. 2016; 118 (9): 1300–1305. DOI: http://doi.10.1016/j.amjcard.2016.07.067.

  12. Lansky A.J., Mehran R., Dangas G., Cristea E., Shirai K., Costa R., Costantini C., Tsuchiya Y., Carlier S., Mintz G., Cottin Y., Stone G., Moses J., Leon M.B. Comparison of differences in outcome after percutaneous coronary intervention in men versus women <40 years of age. Am. J. Cardiol. 2004; 93 (7): 916–919. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amjcard.2003.12.046.

  13. Puricel S., Lehner C., Oberhänslia M., Rutz T., Togni M., Stadelmann M., Moschovitis A., Meir B., Wenaweser P., Windecker S., Stauffer J.C., Cook S. Acute coronary syndrome in patients younger than 30 years – aetiologies, baseline characteristics and long-term clinical outcome. Swiss. Med. Wkly. 2013; 143: w13816. DOI: http://doi:10.4414/smw.2013.13816.

  14. Trzeciak P., Desperak P., Ciślak A., Hawranek M., Gąsior M. Clinical characteristics, and in-hospital and long-term outcomes of stable angina treatment in patients below and over 40 years of age (from the PRESAGE registry). Kardiol. Pol. 2018; 76 (1): 186–194. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5603/kp.a2017.0200.

  15. Bienert I.R.C., Ribeiro E.E., Kajita L.J., Perin M.A., Campos C.A.H., Trentin F., Lemos P.A. Long-term prognosis in young patients with stable coronary disease: ten-year follow-up of percutaneous coronary intervention. Rev. Bras. Cardiol. Invasiva. 2012; 20 (2): 162–165. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S2179-83972012000200009.

  16. Mukherjee D., Hsu A., Moliterno D.J., Lincoff A.M., Goormastic M., Topol E.J. Risk factors for premature coronary artery disease and determinants of adverse out comes after revascularization in patients < or =40 years old. Am. J. Cardiol. 2003; 92 (12): 1465–1467. DOI: http://doi.org/10.1016/j.amjcard.2003.08.062.

  17. Kulik A. Quality of life after coronary artery bypass graft surgery versus percutaneous coronary intervention: what do the trials tell us? Current Opinion in Cardiology. 2017; 32 (6): 707–714. DOI: http://doi.org/10.1097/HCO.0000000000000458.

  18. Abdallah M.S., Wang K., Magnuson E.A., Osnabrugge R.L., Kappetein A.P., Morice M.C., Mohr F.A., Serruys P.W., Cohen D.J. Quality of Life After Surgery or DES in Patients With 3-Vessel or Left Main Disease. JACC. 2017; 69 (16): 2039–2049. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jacc.2017.02.031.

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Поступила в редакцию 08.05.2020; принята 08.08.2020.

 

Авторский коллектив

Абдуллаев Фуад Зейналович – доктор медицинских наук, профессор, кардиохирург, главный научный сотрудник отделения хирургии сердца, Научный центр хирургии им. М.А. Топчибашева. AZ 1122, Азербайджан, г. Баку, ул. Шариф-заде, д. 196; e-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it., ORCID ID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9759-2871

Аббасов Фазиль Эйваз оглу – доктор медицинских наук, профессор, кардиохирург, руководитель отделения хирургии сердца, Научный центр хирургии им. М.А. Топчибашева. AZ 1122, Азербайджан, г. Баку, ул. Шариф-заде, д. 196; e-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it., ORCID ID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6867-8251

Бабаев Ниджат Максад оглу – младший научный сотрудник, кардиолог, Научный центр хирургии им. М.А. Топчибашева. AZ 1122, Азербайджан, г. Баку, ул. Шариф-заде, д. 196; e-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it., ORCID ID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9936-7109

Шихиева Лариса Сабир гызы – кандидат медицинских наук, кардиолог, старший научный сотрудник, Научный центр хирургии им. М.А. Топчибашева. AZ 1122, Азербайджан, г. Баку, ул. Шариф-заде, д. 196; e-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it., ORCID ID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8479-989X

Амрахова Гюнай Арастун гызы – кардиохирург, Научный центр хирургии им. М.А. Топчибашева. AZ 1122, Азербайджан, г. Баку, ул. Шариф-заде, д. 196; e-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it., ORCID ID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1738-2311

 

Образец цитирования

Абдуллаев Ф.З., Аббасов Ф.Э., Бабаев Н.М., Шихиева Л.С., Амрахова Г.А. Исходы эндоваскулярной реваскуляризации миокарда и последующее качество жизни у больных моложе 40 лет. Ульяновский медико-биологический журнал. 2020; 3: 44–57. DOI: 10.34014/2227-1848-2020-3-44-57.