Ulyanovsk Medico-biological Journal

CLINICAL MEDICINE

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УДК 616.61; 616.155.194

DOI 10.34014/2227-1848-2023-1-14-26

ANEMIA AND STRUCTURAL AND FUNCTIONAL HEART CONDITIONS IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING RENAL REPLACEMENT THERAPY

E.N. Ievlev1, 2, I.A. Kazakova1, I.B. Rudenko1, L.L. Shamova2

1 Izhevsk State Medical Academy, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Izhevsk, Russia;

2 City Clinical Hospital No. 6, Ministry of Health of the Udmurt Republic, Izhevsk, Russia

 

Anemia is one of the modifiable risk factors for the development of left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). However, there are not enough studies on the effect of iron metabolism on left ventricular geometry.

Materials and Methods. The authors examined 147 patients (69 males and 78 females) with CKD undergoing long-term hemodialysis. The mean age was 55.6±13.4 years. Median dialysis treatment was 3 [2; 5] years. Kt/V index was 1.52±0.2. Based on the echocardiogram data, we calculated left ventricular mass (LVM), left ventricular mass index (LVMI), relative wall thickness index (RWTI), intima, and medium fiber fractional shortening. Ferritin, transferrin, and transferrin saturation were also determined.

Results. Changes in LV geometry were detected in 124 (84.4 %) patients. Higher LVMI, and RWTI parameters were observed in the group of patients with hemoglobin <100 g/l. Patients with ferritin levels >800 ng/l demonstrated higher end-systolic dimension and lower left ventricular ejection fraction compared to patients with ferritin levels <500 ng/mL.

Conclusion. Structural and functional indicators of the heart in patients undergoing long-term hemodialysis correlate not only with hemoglobin level, but also with indicators of iron metabolism (ferritin, transferrin, and transferrin saturation). In patients with a high ferritin level, left ventricle functional parameters are lower.

Key words: anemia, hemodialysis, left ventricular hypertrophy, right ventricular hypertrophy, ferritin, chronic kidney disease.

 

Conflict of interest. The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Author contributions
Research concept and design: Ievlev E.N., Kazakova I.A.
Participation in the research study, data processing: Ievlev E.N., Rudenko I.B., Shamova L.L.
Statistical data processing: Ievlev E.N.
Data analysis and interpretation: Kazakova I.A., Ievlev E.N.
Text writing and editing: Kazakova I.A., Ievlev E.N.

 

References

  1. Tsubakihara Y., Nishi S., Akiba T., Hirakata H., Iseki K., Kubota M., Kuriyama S., Komatsu Y., Suzuki M., Nakai S., Hattori M., Babazono T., Hiramatsu M., Yamamoto H., Bessho M., Akizawa T. 2008 Japanese Society for Dialysis Therapy: guidelines for renal anemia in chronic kidney disease. Ther Apher Dial. 2010; 14 (3): 240–75. DOI: 10.1111/j.1744-9987.2010.00836.x.

  2. Dimković N., Mitić I., Andrić B., Havidža B.L., Jelačić R., Milić N. Complete correction of anemia with recormon (erythropoietin β) in patients on chronic hemodialysis. Med Pregl. 2015; 68 (9-10): 324–330. DOI: 10.2298/mpns1510324d.

  3. Lim J., Yu C.J., Yu H., Ha S.J. Erythropoietin therapy improves endothelial function in patients with non-dialysis chronic kidney disease and anemia (EARNEST-CKD): A clinical study. Medicine (Baltimore). 2021; 100 (42): e27601. DOI: 10.1097/MD.0000000000027601.

  4. Stojimirović B., Petrović D., Obrenović R. Left ventricular hypertrophy in patients on hemodialysis: importance of anemia. Med Pregl. 2007; 60 (Suppl. 2): 155–159.

  5. Bhagat N., Dawman L., Naganur S., Tiewsoh K., Kumar B., Pratyusha K., Sharawat I.K., Gupta K.L. Impact of anemia on the cardiovascular status in children with chronic kidney disease: A pilot study. Clin Nutr ESPEN. 2022; 47: 283–287. DOI: 10.1016/j.clnesp.2021.11.031.

  6. Ali A., Salih R.M. Renal anemia syndromes in iraqi hemodialysis patients according to iron status. Saudi J Kidney Dis Transpl. 2018; 29 (1): 127–135. DOI: 10.4103/1319-2442.225182.

  7. Eser B., Yayar O., Buyukbakkal M., Erdogan B., Ercan Z., Merhametsiz O., Haspulat A., Oğuz E.G., Dogan İ., Canbakan B., Ayli M.D. Fibroblast growth factor is associated to left ventricular mass index, anemia and low values of transferrin saturation. Nefrologia. 2015; 35 (5): 465–472. DOI: 10.1016/j.nefro.2015.06.025.

  8. Maria D.-T., Andritoiu A., Vaduva C., Kamal K.C., Zaharie S.I. Cardiac Hemodynamics and Slight Regression of Left Ventricular Mass Index in a Group of Hemodialysed Patients. Curr Health Sci J. 2020; 46 (2): 173–179. DOI: 10.12865/CHSJ.46.02.11.

  9. Io H., Nakata J., Inoshita H., Ishizaka M., Tomino Y., Suzuki Y. Relationship among Left Ventricular Hypertrophy, Cardiovascular Events, and Preferred Blood Pressure Measurement Timing in Hemodialysis Patients. J Clin Med. 2020; 9 (11): 3512. DOI: 10.3390/jcm9113512.

  10. Paoletti E., Nicola L.D., Gabbai F.B., Chiodini P., Ravera M., Pieracci L., Marre S., Cassottana P., Lucà S., Vettoretti S., Borrelli S., Conte G., Minutolo R. Associations of Left Ventricular Hypertrophy and Geometry with Adverse Outcomes in Patients with CKD and Hypertension. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol. 2016; 11 (2): 271–279. DOI: 10.2215/CJN.06980615.

  11. Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) Anemia Work Group. KDIGO Clinical Practice Guideline for Anemia in Chronic Kidney Disease. Kidney inter., Suppl. 2012; 2: 279–335.

  12. Locatelli F., Barany P., Covic A., De Francisco A., Del Vecchio L., Goldsmith D., Hörl W., London G., Vanholder R., Biesen W.V., ERA-EDTA ERBP Advisory Board. Kidney disease: improving global outcomes guidelines on anaemia management in chronic kidney disease: a European renal best practice position statement. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 2013; 28 (6): 1346–1359. DOI: 10.1093/ndt/gft033.

  13. Klinicheskie rekomendatsii: khronicheskaya bolezn' pochek [Clinical guidelines: Chronic kidney disease]. 2021: 71–76. Available at: https://cr.minzdrav.gov.ru/recomend/469_2 (accessed: October 25, 2022) (in Russian).

  14. Lullo L.D., Gorini A., Russo D., Santoboni A., Ronco C. Left Ventricular Hypertrophy in Chronic Kidney Disease Patients: From Pathophysiology to Treatment. Cardiorenal Med. 2015; 5 (4): 254–266. DOI: 10.1159/000435838.

  15. Vigan J., Ahoui S., Hounsou D., Céline A., Goudoté K., Sacca J.V. Left ventricular hypertrophy in chronic hemodialysis patients at CNHU-HKM of Cotonou. Nephrol Ther. 2018; 14 (1): 29–34. DOI: 10.1016/j.nephro.2017.06.001.

  16. Jasminka D., Rasic S., Rebic D., Uncanin S. Role of Hypertension and Anaemia in Left Ventricular Remodelling in Patient with Renal Allograft in the First Post-transplant Year. Mater Sociomed. 2015; 27 (2): 104–107. DOI: 10.5455/msm.2015.27.104-107.

  17. Faro G.B. de A., Menezes-Neto O.A., Batista G.S., Silva-Neto A.P., Cipolotti R. Left ventricular hypertrophy in children, adolescents and young adults with sickle cell anemia. Rev Bras Hematol Hemoter. 2015; 37 (5): 324–328. DOI: 10.1016/j.bjhh.2015.07.001.

  18. Adjagba P.M., Habib G., Robitaille N., Pastore Y., Raboisson M.-J., Curnier D., Dahdah N. Impact of sickle cell anaemia on cardiac chamber size in the paediatric population. Cardiol Young. 2017; 27 (5): 918–924. DOI: 10.1017/S1047951116001633.

  19. Sutil-Vega M., Rizzo M., Martínez-Rubio A. Anemia and iron deficiency in heart failure: a review of echocardiographic features. Echocardiography. 2019; 36 (3): 585–594. DOI: 10.1111/ echo.14271.

  20. Miñana G., Santas E., Espriella R., Núñez E., Lorenzo M., Núñez G., Valero E., Bodí V., Chorro F.J., Sanchis J., Cohen-Solal A., Bayés-Genís A., Núñez J. Right ventricular function and iron deficiency in acute heart failure. Eur Heart J Acute Cardiovasc Care. 2021; 10 (4): 406–414. DOI: 10.1093/ehjacc/zuaa028.

  21. Cassady S.J., Ramani G.V. Right Heart Failure in Pulmonary Hypertension. Cardiol Clin. 2020; 38 (2): 243–255. DOI: 10.1016/j.ccl.2020.02.001.

  22. Oguz E.G., Gursoy G.K., Yayar O., Yildirim T., Cimen T., Bulut C., Eser B., Canbakan B., Yeter E., Ayli M.D. Increased serum renalase in hemodialysis patients: is it related to left ventricular hypertrophy? Ren Fail. 2016; 38 (8): 1180–1186. DOI: 10.1080/0886022X.2016.1208516.

  23. Kuragano T., Joki N., Hase H., Kitamura K., Murata T., Fujimoto S., Fukatsu A., Inoue T., Itakura Y., Nakanishi T. Low transferrin saturation (TSAT) and high ferritin levels are significant predictors for cerebrovascular and cardiovascular disease and death in maintenance hemodialysis patients. PLoS One. 2020; 15 (9): e0236277. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0236277.

  24. Suega K., Kandarini Y., Tubung J. Role of Soluble Transferrin Receptor and Transferrin Receptor-Ferritin Index to Detect Iron Deficiency Anemia in Regular Hemodialysis Patients. Open Access Maced J Med Sci. 2019; 7 (1): 97–02. DOI: 10.3889/oamjms.2019.012.

  25. Nakagawa C., Inaba M., Ishimura E., Yamakawa T., Shoji S., Okuno S. Association of Increased Serum Ferritin With Impaired Muscle Strength/Quality in Hemodialysis Patients. J Ren Nutr. 2016; 26 (4): 253–257. DOI: 10.1053/j.jrn.2016.01.011.

  26. Mizuiri S., Nishizawa Y., Doi T., Yamashita K., Shigemoto K., Usui K., Arita M., Naito T., Doi S., Masaki T. Iron, coronary artery calcification, and mortality in patients undergoing hemodialysis. Ren Fail. 2021; 43 (1): 371–380. DOI: 10.1080/0886022X.2021.1880937.

  27. Maruyama Y., Kanda E., Kikuchi K., Abe M., Masakane I., Yokoo T., Nitta K. Association between anemia and mortality in hemodialysis patients is modified by the presence of diabetes.J Nephrol. 2021; 34 (3): 781–790. DOI: 10.1007/s40620-020-00879-x.

  28. Ogawa C., Tsuchiya K., Tomosugi N., Kanda F., Maeda K., Maeda T. Low levels of serum ferritin and moderate transferrin saturation lead to adequate hemoglobin levels in hemodialysis patients, retrospective observational study. PLoS One. 2017; 12 (6): e0179608. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0179608.

 Received October 17, 2022; accepted November 10, 2022.

 

Information about the authors

Ievlev Evgeniy Nikolaevich, Candidate of Sciences (Medicine), Associate Professor, Chair of Internal Diseases with Courses in Radiological Methods of Diagnosis and Treatment, Military Field Therapy, Izhevsk State Medical Academy, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation. 426000, Russia, Izhevsk, Kommunarov St., 281; Doctor-Therapist, Admission Department, City Clinical Hospital No. 6, Ministry of Health of the Udmurt Republic. 426000, Russia, Izhevsk, Lenin St., 81; e-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it., ORCID ID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0395-7946

Kazakova Irina Aleksandrovna, Doctor of Sciences (Medicine), Professor, Head of the Chair of Internal Diseases with Courses of Radiological Methods of Diagnosis and Treatment, Military Field Therapy, Izhevsk State Medical Academy, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation. 426000, Russia, Izhevsk, Kommunarov St., 281; e-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it., ORCID ID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7815-1536

Rudenko Irina Borisovna, Candidate of Sciences (Medicine), Associate Professor, Chair of Internal Diseases with Courses in Radiological Methods of Diagnosis and Treatment, Military Field Therapy, Izhevsk State Medical Academy, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation. 426000, Russia, Izhevsk, Kommunarov St., 281; e-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it., ORCID ID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6829-4816

Shamova Lyudmila Leont'evna, Doctor of Functional Diagnostics, City Clinical Hospital No. 6, Ministry of Health of the Udmurt Republic. 426000, Russia, Izhevsk, Lenin St., 81; e-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it., ORCID ID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9020-3500

 

For citation

Ievlev E.N., Kazakova I.A., Rudenko I.B., Shamova L.L. Anemiya i strukturno-funktsional'noe sostoyanie serdtsa u patsientov na zamestitel'noy pochechnoy terapii [Anemia and structural and functional heart conditions in patients undergoing renal replacement therapy]. Ul'yanovskiy mediko-biologicheskiy zhurnal. 2023; 1: 14–26. DOI: 10.34014/2227-1848-2023-1-14-26 (in Russian).

 

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УДК 616.61; 616.155.194

DOI 10.34014/2227-1848-2023-1-14-26

АНЕМИЯ И СТРУКТУРНО-ФУНКЦИОНАЛЬНОЕ СОСТОЯНИЕ СЕРДЦА У ПАЦИЕНТОВ НА ЗАМЕСТИТЕЛЬНОЙ ПОЧЕЧНОЙ ТЕРАПИИ

Е.Н. Иевлев1,2, И.А. Казакова1, И.Б. Руденко1, Л.Л. Шамова2

1 ФГБОУ ВО «Ижевская государственная медицинская академия» Минздрава России, г. Ижевск, Россия;

2 БУЗ УР «Городская клиническая больница № 6 Министерства здравоохранения Удмуртской Республики», г. Ижевск, Россия

 

Анемия является одним из модифицируемых факторов риска развития гипертрофии левого желудочка (ГЛЖ) у пациентов с хронической болезнью почек (ХБП), при этом исследования о влиянии показателей обмена железа на геометрию левого желудочка полностью не раскрывают имеющиеся взаимосвязи.

Материалы и методы. Обследовано 147 пациентов с ХБП, получающих лечение программным гемодиализом (ПГ). М/Ж=69/78. Средний возраст – 55,6±13,4 года. Медиана диализной терапии – 3 [2; 5] года. Индекс Kt/V – 1,52±0,2. По данным ЭХО-КГ рассчитывали массу миокарда левого желудочка (ММЛЖ), индекс массы миокарда левого желудочка (ИММЛЖ), индекс относительной толщины стенки (ИОТ), внутреннюю оболочку, фракцию укорочения средних волокон. Определяли ферритин, трансферрин, коэффициент насыщения трансферрина.

Результаты. Изменение геометрии ЛЖ выявлено у 124 (84,4 %) пациентов. В группе пациентов с гемоглобином менее 100 г/л наблюдались более высокие значения ИММЛЖ, ИОТ. У пациентов с уровнем ферритина более 800 нг/л были выше значения конечно-систолического размера и ниже фракция выброса левого желудочка при сравнении с пациентами с уровнем ферритина менее 500 нг/мл.

Выводы. Структурно-функциональные показатели сердца у больных на программном гемодиализе коррелируют не только с уровнем гемоглобина, но и с показателями обмена железа (ферритин, трансферрин, коэффициент насыщения трансферрина). У пациентов с высоким уровнем ферритина ниже функциональные показатели левого желудочка.

Ключевые слова: анемия, гемодиализ, гипертрофия левого желудочка, гипертрофия правого желудочка, ферритин, хроническая болезнь почек.

 

Конфликт интересов. Авторы заявляют об отсутствии конфликта интересов.

Вклад авторов
Концепция и дизайн исследования: Иевлев Е.Н., Казакова И.А.
Участие в исследовании, обработка материала: Иевлев Е.Н., Руденко И.Б., Шамова Л.Л.
Статистическая обработка данных: Иевлев Е.Н.
Анализ и интерпретация данных: Казакова И.А., Иевлев Е.Н.
Написание и редактирование текста: Казакова И.А., Иевлев Е.Н.

 

Литература

  1. Tsubakihara Y., Nishi S., Akiba T., Hirakata H., Iseki K., Kubota M., Kuriyama S., Komatsu Y., Suzuki M., Nakai S., Hattori M., Babazono T., Hiramatsu M., Yamamoto H., Bessho M., Akizawa T. 2008 Japanese Society for Dialysis Therapy: guidelines for renal anemia in chronic kidney disease. Ther Apher Dial. 2010; 14 (3): 240–75. DOI: 10.1111/j.1744-9987.2010.00836.x.

  2. Dimković N., Mitić I., Andrić B., Havidža B.L., Jelačić R., Milić N. Complete correction of anemia with recormon (erythropoietin β) in patients on chronic hemodialysis. Med Pregl. 2015; 68 (9-10): 324–330. DOI: 10.2298/mpns1510324d.

  3. Lim J., Yu C.J., Yu H., Ha S.J. Erythropoietin therapy improves endothelial function in patients with non-dialysis chronic kidney disease and anemia (EARNEST-CKD): A clinical study. Medicine (Baltimore). 2021; 100 (42): e27601. DOI: 10.1097/MD.0000000000027601.

  4. Stojimirović B., Petrović D., Obrenović R. Left ventricular hypertrophy in patients on hemodialysis: importance of anemia. Med Pregl. 2007; 60 (Suppl. 2): 155–159.

  5. Bhagat N., Dawman L., Naganur S., Tiewsoh K., Kumar B., Pratyusha K., Sharawat I.K., Gupta K.L. Impact of anemia on the cardiovascular status in children with chronic kidney disease: A pilot study. Clin Nutr ESPEN. 2022; 47: 283–287. DOI: 10.1016/j.clnesp.2021.11.031.

  6. Ali A., Salih R.M. Renal anemia syndromes in iraqi hemodialysis patients according to iron status. Saudi J Kidney Dis Transpl. 2018; 29 (1): 127–135. DOI: 10.4103/1319-2442.225182.

  7. Eser B., Yayar O., Buyukbakkal M., Erdogan B., Ercan Z., Merhametsiz O., Haspulat A., Oğuz E.G., Dogan İ., Canbakan B., Ayli M.D. Fibroblast growth factor is associated to left ventricular mass index, anemia and low values of transferrin saturation. Nefrologia. 2015; 35 (5): 465–472. DOI: 10.1016/j.nefro.2015.06.025.

  8. Maria D.-T., Andritoiu A., Vaduva C., Kamal K.C., Zaharie S.I. Cardiac Hemodynamics and Slight Regression of Left Ventricular Mass Index in a Group of Hemodialysed Patients. Curr Health Sci J. 2020; 46 (2): 173–179. DOI: 10.12865/CHSJ.46.02.11.

  9. Io H., Nakata J., Inoshita H., Ishizaka M., Tomino Y., Suzuki Y. Relationship among Left Ventricular Hypertrophy, Cardiovascular Events, and Preferred Blood Pressure Measurement Timing in Hemodialysis Patients. J Clin Med. 2020; 9 (11): 3512. DOI: 10.3390/jcm9113512.

  10. Paoletti E., Nicola L.D., Gabbai F.B., Chiodini P., Ravera M., Pieracci L., Marre S., Cassottana P., Lucà S., Vettoretti S., Borrelli S., Conte G., Minutolo R. Associations of Left Ventricular Hypertrophy and Geometry with Adverse Outcomes in Patients with CKD and Hypertension. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol. 2016; 11 (2): 271–279. DOI: 10.2215/CJN.06980615.

  11. Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) Anemia Work Group. KDIGO Clinical Practice Guideline for Anemia in Chronic Kidney Disease. Kidney inter., Suppl. 2012; 2: 279–335.

  12. Locatelli F., Barany P., Covic A., De Francisco A., Del Vecchio L., Goldsmith D., Hörl W., London G., Vanholder R., Biesen W.V., ERA-EDTA ERBP Advisory Board. Kidney disease: improving global outcomes guidelines on anaemia management in chronic kidney disease: a European renal best practice position statement. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 2013; 28 (6): 1346–1359. DOI: 10.1093/ndt/gft033.

  13. Клинические рекомендации: хроническая болезнь почек. 2021: 71–76. URL: https://cr.minzdrav.gov.ru/recomend/469_2 (дата обращения: 25.10.2022).

  14. Lullo L.D., Gorini A., Russo D., Santoboni A., Ronco C. Left Ventricular Hypertrophy in Chronic Kidney Disease Patients: From Pathophysiology to Treatment. Cardiorenal Med. 2015; 5 (4): 254–266. DOI: 10.1159/000435838.

  15. Vigan J., Ahoui S., Hounsou D., Céline A., Goudoté K., Sacca J.V. Left ventricular hypertrophy in chronic hemodialysis patients at CNHU-HKM of Cotonou. Nephrol Ther. 2018; 14 (1): 29–34. DOI: 10.1016/j.nephro.2017.06.001.

  16. Jasminka D., Rasic S., Rebic D., Uncanin S. Role of Hypertension and Anaemia in Left Ventricular Remodelling in Patient with Renal Allograft in the First Post-transplant Year. Mater Sociomed. 2015; 27 (2): 104–107. DOI: 10.5455/msm.2015.27.104-107.

  17. Faro G.B. de A., Menezes-Neto O.A., Batista G.S., Silva-Neto A.P., Cipolotti R. Left ventricular hypertrophy in children, adolescents and young adults with sickle cell anemia.Rev Bras Hematol Hemoter. 2015; 37 (5): 324–328. DOI: 10.1016/j.bjhh.2015.07.001.

  18. Adjagba P.M., Habib G., Robitaille N., Pastore Y., Raboisson M.-J., Curnier D., Dahdah N. Impact of sickle cell anaemia on cardiac chamber size in the paediatric population. Cardiol Young. 2017; 27 (5): 918–924. DOI: 10.1017/S1047951116001633.

  19. Sutil-Vega M., Rizzo M., Martínez-Rubio A. Anemia and iron deficiency in heart failure: a review of echocardiographic features. Echocardiography. 2019; 36 (3): 585–594. DOI: 10.1111/ echo.14271.

  20. Miñana G., Santas E., Espriella R., Núñez E., Lorenzo M., Núñez G., Valero E., Bodí V., Chorro F.J., Sanchis J., Cohen-Solal A., Bayés-Genís A., Núñez J. Right ventricular function and iron deficiency in acute heart failure. Eur Heart J Acute Cardiovasc Care. 2021; 10 (4): 406–414. DOI: 10.1093/ehjacc/zuaa028.

  21. Cassady S.J., Ramani G.V. Right Heart Failure in Pulmonary Hypertension. Cardiol Clin. 2020; 38 (2): 243–255. DOI: 10.1016/j.ccl.2020.02.001.

  22. Oguz E.G., Gursoy G.K., Yayar O., Yildirim T., Cimen T., Bulut C., Eser B., Canbakan B., Yeter E., Ayli M.D. Increased serum renalase in hemodialysis patients: is it related to left ventricular hypertrophy? Ren Fail. 2016; 38 (8): 1180–1186. DOI: 10.1080/0886022X.2016.1208516.

  23. Kuragano T., Joki N., Hase H., Kitamura K., Murata T., Fujimoto S., Fukatsu A., Inoue T., Itakura Y., Nakanishi T. Low transferrin saturation (TSAT) and high ferritin levels are significant predictors for cerebrovascular and cardiovascular disease and death in maintenance hemodialysis patients. PLoS One. 2020; 15 (9): e0236277. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0236277.

  24. Suega K., Kandarini Y., Tubung J. Role of Soluble Transferrin Receptor and Transferrin Receptor-Ferritin Index to Detect Iron Deficiency Anemia in Regular Hemodialysis Patients. Open Access Maced J Med Sci. 2019; 7 (1): 97–02. DOI: 10.3889/oamjms.2019.012.

  25. Nakagawa C., Inaba M., Ishimura E., Yamakawa T., Shoji S., Okuno S. Association of Increased Serum Ferritin With Impaired Muscle Strength/Quality in Hemodialysis Patients. J Ren Nutr. 2016; 26 (4): 253–257. DOI: 10.1053/j.jrn.2016.01.011.

  26. Mizuiri S., Nishizawa Y., Doi T., Yamashita K., Shigemoto K., Usui K., Arita M., Naito T., Doi S., Masaki T. Iron, coronary artery calcification, and mortality in patients undergoing hemodialysis. Ren Fail. 2021; 43 (1): 371–380. DOI: 10.1080/0886022X.2021.1880937.

  27. Maruyama Y., Kanda E., Kikuchi K., Abe M., Masakane I., Yokoo T., Nitta K. Association between anemia and mortality in hemodialysis patients is modified by the presence of diabetes. J Nephrol. 2021; 34 (3): 781–790. DOI: 10.1007/s40620-020-00879-x.

  28. Ogawa C., Tsuchiya K., Tomosugi N., Kanda F., Maeda K., Maeda T. Low levels of serum ferritin and moderate transferrin saturation lead to adequate hemoglobin levels in hemodialysis patients, retrospective observational study. PLoS One. 2017; 12 (6): e0179608. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0179608.

 Поступила в редакцию 17.10.2022; принята 10.11.2022.

 

Авторский коллектив

Иевлев Евгений Николаевич – кандидат медицинских наук, доцент кафедры внутренних болезней с курсами лучевых методов диагностики и лечения, военно-полевой терапии, ФГБОУ ВО «Ижевская государственная медицинская академия» Минздрава России. 426000, Россия, г. Ижевск, ул. Коммунаров, 281; врач-терапевт приемного отделения, БУЗ УР «Городская клиническая больница № 6 Министерства здравоохранения Удмуртской Республики». 426000, Россия, г. Ижевск, ул. Ленина, 81; e-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it., ORCID ID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0395-7946

Казакова Ирина Александровна – доктор медицинских наук, профессор, заведующий кафедрой внутренних болезней с курсами лучевых методов диагностики и лечения, военно-полевой терапии, ФГБОУ ВО «Ижевская государственная медицинская академия» Минздрава России. 426000, Россия, г. Ижевск, ул. Коммунаров, 281; e-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it., ORCID ID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7815-1536

Руденко Ирина Борисовна – кандидат медицинских наук, доцент кафедры внутренних болезней с курсами лучевых методов диагностики и лечения, военно-полевой терапии, ФГБОУ ВО «Ижевская государственная медицинская академия» Минздрава России. 426000, Россия, г. Ижевск, ул. Коммунаров, 281; e-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it., ORCID ID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6829-4816

Шамова Людмила Леонтьевна – врач функциональной диагностики, БУЗ УР «Городская клиническая больница № 6 Министерства здравоохранения Удмуртской Республики». 426000, Россия,г. Ижевск, ул. Ленина, 81; e-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it., ORCID ID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9020-3500

 

Образец цитирования

Иевлев Е.Н., Казакова И.А., Руденко И.Б., Шамова Л.Л. Анемия и структурно-функциональное состояние сердца у пациентов на заместительной почечной терапии. Ульяновский медико-биологический журнал. 2023; 1: 14–26. DOI: .10.34014/2227-1848-2023-1-14-26