Ulyanovsk Medico-biological Journal

CLINICAL MEDICINE

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DOI 10.34014/2227-1848-2024-4-82-98

ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN DIAGNOSING COVID-19 PNEUMONIA AND PULMONARY TUBERCULOSIS IN THE KYRGYZ REPUBLIC

B.E. Emilov1, A.A. Sorokin2, M.A. Zhakypov3, A.B. Keresbekova4, O.A. Salibaev5, T.Ch. Chubakov1

1 Kyrgyz State Medical Institute of Post-Graduate Training and Continuous Education named after S. B. Daniyarov, Bishkek, Kyrgyz Republic;

2 Kyrgyz-Russian Slavic University named after B.N. Yeltsin, Bishkek, Kyrgyz Republic;

3 National Center of Phthisiology, Bishkek, Kyrgyz Republic;

4 Chui-Bishkek Center for Tuberculosis Control, Bishkek, Kyrgyz Republic;

5 Educational, Medical and Scientific Center, Kyrgyz State Medical Academy named after I.K. Akhunbaev, Bishkek, Kyrgyz Republic

Nowadays, the necessity to control lung diseases such as COVID-19 caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus and tuberculosis is obvious. One of the most important areas of this work is rapid and accurate diagnostics, including lung imaging based on artificial intelligence (AI).

Objective. The aim of the paper is to test AI for detecting COVID-19 pneumonia and pulmonary tuberculosis based on digital X-ray patterns.

Materials and Methods. The study included several stages. 1. Development of an AI model for detecting COVID-19 pneumonia and pulmonary tuberculosis. 2. Creation of a test X-ray data base. 3. Interpretation of data by radiologists. 4. Use of AI for diagnosing COVID-19 pneumonia and pulmonary tuberculosis.

Results. AI demonstrated good prognostic ability (sensitivity – 88.31 % and 83.33 %, specificity – 96.67 % and 97.78 % for pneumonia and pulmonary tuberculosis, respectively). AI effectively processes and analyzes big data, which saves doctors’ time. However, in order to ensure greater safety, healthcare professionals should bear responsibility for the final diagnosis. The collaboration between radiologists and AI seems to be desirable. AI can be an auxiliary tool in conditions of high workload or shortage of specialists, as it can improve the accuracy of radiological reports and ensure their timeliness.

Key words: COVID-19, pulmonary tuberculosis, artificial intelligence, pneumonia, X-ray diagnostics, machine learning.

Conflict of interest. The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Author contributions

Research concept and design: Chubakov T.Ch., Salibaev O.A., Emilov B.E.

Literature search, participation in the study, data processing: Emilov B.E.,Zhakypov M.A., Keresbekova A.B.

Statistical data processing: Sorokin A.A., Emilov B.E.

Data analysis and interpretation: Emilov B.E., Chubakov. T.Ch., Sorokin A.A.

Text writing and editing: Emilov B.E., Chubakov T.Ch., Zhakypov M.A.,

Keresbekova A.B., Salibaev O.A.

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Received September 26, 2024; accepted November 25, 2024.

 

Information about the authors

Emilov Berik Emilovich, Pulmonologist, Postgraduate Student, Chair of Health Management and Economics, Kyrgyz State Medical Institute of Post-Graduate Training and Continuous Education named after S. B. Daniyarov. 720020, Kyrgyz Republic, Bishkek, Zhoomart Bokonbaev St., 144a; e-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it., ORCID ID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4800-2374

Sorokin Aleksandr Anatol'evich, Candidate of Sciences (Biology), Associate Professor, Chair of Physics, Medical Informatics and Biology, Kyrgyz-Russian Slavic University named after B. Yeltsin. 720000, Kyrgyz Republic, Bishkek, Chuy Ave., Bldg. 8; e-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it., ORCID ID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9682-8085

Zhakypov Murzabek Abdivalievich, Phthisiatrician, Head of the Clinical and Diagnostic Department, National Center of Physiology. 720064, Kyrgyz Republic, Bishkek, Isa Akhunbaev St., 90; e-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it., ORCID ID: https://orcid.org/0009-0002-7610-4925

Keresbekova Ayzat Bolotkanovna, Phthisiatrician, Chui-Bishkek Center for Tuberculosis Control. 720024, Kyrgyz Republic, Bishkek, Imanbay Elebesov St., 211; e-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it., ORCID ID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0371-8651

Salibaev Oskon Abdykaparovich, Doctor of Sciences (Medicine), Director, Educational, Medical and Scientific Center, Kyrgyz State Medical Academy named after I.K. Akhunbaev. 720020, Kyrgyz Republic, Bishkek, Kasym Tynystanov St., 1; e-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it., ORCID ID: https://orcid.org/0009-0002-9881-3933

Chubakov Tulegen Chubakovich, Doctor of Sciences (Medicine), Professor, Head of the Chair of Phthisiopulmonology, Kyrgyz State Medical Institute of Post-Graduate Training and Continuous Education named after S. B. Daniyarov. 720020, Kyrgyz Republic, Bishkek, Zhoomart Bokonbaev St., 144a, e-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it., ORCID ID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7876-5332

 

For citation

Emilov B.E., Sorokin A.A., Zhakypov M.A., Keresbekova A.B., Salibaev O.A., Chubakov T.Ch. Ispol'zo­vanie iskusstvennogo intellekta dlya diagnostiki pnevmonii pri COVID-19 i tuberkuleza legkikh v Kyrgyzskoy Respublike [Artificial Intelligence in diagnosing COVID-19 pneumonia and pulmonary tuberculosis in the Kyrgyz Republic]. Ul'yanovskiy mediko-biologicheskiy zhurnal. 2024; 4: 82–98. DOI: 10.34014/2227-1848-2024-4-82-98 (in Russian).

 

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УДК 616.24-002.14

DOI 10.34014/2227-1848-2024-4-82-98

ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЕ ИСКУССТВЕННОГО ИНТЕЛЛЕКТА ДЛЯ ДИАГНОСТИКИ ПНЕВМОНИИ ПРИ COVID-19 И ТУБЕРКУЛЕЗА ЛЕГКИХ В КЫРГЫЗСКОЙ РЕСПУБЛИКЕ

Б.Э. Эмилов1, А.А. Сорокин2, М.А. Жакыпов3, А.Б. Кересбекова4, О.А. Салибаев5, Т.Ч. Чубаков1

1 Кыргызский государственный медицинский институт переподготовки и повышения квалификации им. Санжарбека Бакировича Даниярова, г. Бишкек, Кыргызская Республика;

2 Кыргызско-Российский Славянский университет им. Б.Н. Ельцина, г. Бишкек, Кыргызская Республика;

3 Национальный центр фтизиатрии, г. Бишкек, Кыргызская Республика;

4 Чуй-Бишкекский центр борьбы с туберкулезом, г. Бишкек, Кыргызская Республика;

5 Учебно-лечебно-научный медицинский центр Кыргызской государственной медицинской академии им. Исы Коноевича Ахунбаева, г. Бишкек, Кыргызская Республика

 

В настоящее время не вызывает сомнений необходимость контроля таких легочных заболеваний, как COVID-19, вызываемый вирусом SARS-CoV-2, и туберкулез. Одним из важнейших направлений данной работы является быстрая и точная диагностика, в т.ч. с использованием методов визуализации легких, основанных на искусственном интеллекте (ИИ).

Цель. Проверка возможности применения ИИ в целях обнаружения пневмонии при COVID-19 и туберкулеза легких на основе цифровых рентгенограмм.

Материалы и методы. Исследование включало в себя несколько этапов: разработку модели ИИ для обучения обнаружению пневмонии при COVID-19 и туберкулеза легких; создание базы тестирующих рентген-данных; интерпретацию данных врачами-рентгенологами; использование ИИ в диагностике пневмонии при COVID-19 и туберкулеза легких.

Результаты. ИИ продемонстрировал хорошую прогностическую способность (чувствительность – 88,31 % и 83,33 %, специфичность – 96,67 % и 97,78 % для пневмонии и туберкулеза легких соответственно). Он эффективно обрабатывает и анализирует большие объемы данных, что способствует экономии времени врачей. Однако в целях обеспечения большей безопасности ответственность за окончательное заключение должен нести медицинский персонал. Оптимальным представляется сотрудничество врачей-рентгенологов и ИИ, в котором последний выполняет роль вспомогательного инструмента в условиях высокой нагрузки или нехватки специалистов, что может повысить точность рентгенологических заключений и обеспечить их своевременность.

Ключевые слова: COVID-19, туберкулез легких, искусственный интеллект, пневмония, рентген-диагностика, машинное обучение.

 

Конфликт интересов. Авторы заявляют об отсутствии конфликта интересов.

Вклад авторов

Концепция и дизайн исследования: Чубаков Т.Ч., Салибаев О.А., Эмилов Б.Э.

Литературный поиск, участие в исследовании, обработка материала: Эмилов Б.Э., Жакыпов М.А., Кересбекова А.Б.

Статистическая обработка данных: Сорокин А.А., Эмилов Б.Э.

Анализ и интерпретация данных: Эмилов Б.Э., Чубаков. Т.Ч., Сорокин А.А.

Написание и редактирование текста: Эмилов Б.Э., Чубаков Т.Ч., Жакыпов М.А., Кересбекова А.Б., Салибаев О.А.

 

Литература

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Поступила в редакцию 26.09.2024; принята 25.11.2024.

 

Авторский коллектив

Эмилов Берик Эмилович – врач-пульмонолог, аспирант кафедры «Управления и экономики здравоохранения», Кыргызский государственный медицинский институт переподготовки и повышения квалификации им. Санжарбека Бакировича Даниярова. 720020, Кыргызская Республика, г. Бишкек, ул. Жоомарта Боконбаева, 144а; e-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it., ORCID ID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4800-2374

Сорокин Александр Анатольевич – кандидат биологических наук, доцент кафедры «Физики, мединформатики и биологии», Кыргызско-Российский Славянский университет им. Бориса Ельцина. 720000, Кыргызская Республика, г. Бишкек, пр. Чуй, корп. 8; e-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it., ORCID ID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9682-8085

Жакыпов Мурзабек Абдивалиевич – врач-фтизиатр, заведующий клинико-диагностическим отделением «Национального центра физиатрии». 720064, Кыргызская Республика, г. Бишкек, ул. Исы Ахунбаева, 90; e-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it., ORCID ID: https://orcid.org/0009-0002-7610-4925

Кересбекова Айзат Болоткановна – врач-фтизиатр, Чуй-Бишкекский центр борьбы с туберкулезом. 720024, Кыргызская Республика, г. Бишкек, ул. Иманбая Элебесова, 211; e-mail: kerezbeko­This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it., ORCID ID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0371-8651

Салибаев Оскон Абдыкапарович – доктор медицинских наук, директор, Учебно-лечебно-научный медицинский центр Кыргызской государственной медицинской академии им. Исы Коноевича Ахунбаева». 720020, Кыргызская Республика, г. Бишкек, ул. Касыма Тыныстанова, 1; e-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it., ORCID ID: https://orcid.org/0009-0002-9881-3933

Чубаков Тулеген Чубакович – доктор медицинских наук, профессор, заведующий кафедрой «Фтизиопульмонологии», Кыргызский государственный медицинский институт переподготовки и повышения квалификации им. Санжарбека Бакировича Даниярова. 720020, Кыргызская Республика, г. Бишкек, ул. Жоомарта Боконбаева, 144а, e-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it., ORCID ID: https://or­cid.org/0000-0002-7876-5332

 

Образец цитирования

Эмилов Б.Э., Сорокин А.А., Жакыпов М.А., Кересбекова А.Б., Салибаев О.А., Чубаков Т.Ч. Использование искусственного интеллекта для диагностики пневмонии при COVID-19 и туберкулеза легких в Кыргызской Республике. Ульяновский медико-биологический журнал. 2024; 4: 82–98. DOI: 10.34014/2227-1848-2024-4-82-98