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DOI 10.34014/2227-1848-2022-4-93-108

LASER ADJUVANTS: KEY FEATURES AND SPECIFICITY

R.Sh. Zayneeva, A.K. Gil'mutdinova, I.O. Zolotovskiy, A.V. Khokhlova, V.A. Ribenek, T.P. Gening

Ulyanovsk State University, Ulyanovsk, Russia

 

Increasing the vaccine effectiveness and the search for new adjuvants that directly influence immunocompetent cells and stimulate the development of a pronounced adaptive immune response remain significant problems for modern medicine. Currently, aluminum salts and other chemicals with certain side effects are used as adjuvants. Therefore, it is relevant to search for other methods to increase vaccine effectiveness while reducing its toxic effect on the patients. One of such methods is laser irradiation of the injection sites, which, among other things, makes it possible to reduce vaccine amount.

The purpose of this review is to analyze publications on the use of laser to stimulate the immune response. Four different classes of lasers are known to systemically enhance the immune response to intradermal vaccination: pulsed lasers, continuous mode lasers, non-ablative fractional lasers, and ablative fractional lasers. Each laser vaccine adjuvant is characterized by radiation parameters, modes of action, and immunological adjuvant effects that differ significantly. The authors consider main classes of lasers used as immunological adjuvants. The specificity of each laser will help to choose the most effective option to achieve the clinical goal when using a particular vaccine.

Key words: laser adjuvant, pulsed lasers, continuous lasers, non-ablative fractional lasers, ablative fractional lasers, intradermal vaccination.

 

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Received 01 July 2022; accepted 08 September 2022.

 

Information about the authors

Zayneeva Roza Shamilevna, Candidate of Sciences (Biology), Associate Professor, Chair of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Ulyanovsk State University. 432017, Russia, Ulyanovsk, L. Tolstoy St., 42; e-mail: Этот адрес электронной почты защищён от спам-ботов. У вас должен быть включен JavaScript для просмотра., ORCID ID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7784-2404.

Gil'mutdinova Aygul' Kamilovna, Trainee Researcher, Laboratory of Nonlinear and Microwave Photonics, S.P. Kapitsa Research and Technology Institute, Ulyanovsk State University. 432017, Russia, Ulyanovsk, L. Tolstoy St., 42; e-mail: Этот адрес электронной почты защищён от спам-ботов. У вас должен быть включен JavaScript для просмотра., ORCID ID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9937-8000.

Zolotovskiy Igor' Olegovich, Candidate of Sciences (Physics and Mathematics), Leading Researcher, Laboratory of Nonlinear and Microwave Photonics, S.P. Kapitsa Research and Technology Institute, Ulyanovsk State University. 432017, Russia, Ulyanovsk, L. Tolstoy St., 42; e-mail: Этот адрес электронной почты защищён от спам-ботов. У вас должен быть включен JavaScript для просмотра., ORCID ID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1793-5211.

Khokhlova Anna Vyacheslavovna, Junior Researcher, Laboratory of Nonlinear and Microwave Photonics, S.P. Kapitsa Research and Technology Institute, Ulyanovsk State University. 432017, Russia, Ulyanovsk, L. Tolstoy St., 42; e-mail: Этот адрес электронной почты защищён от спам-ботов. У вас должен быть включен JavaScript для просмотра., ORCID ID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3976-8805.

Ribenek Valeriya Aleksandrovna, Research Assistant, Laboratory of Nonlinear and Microwave Photonics, S.P. Kapitsa Research and Technology Institute, Ulyanovsk State University. 432017, Russia, Ulyanovsk, L. Tolstoy St., 42; e-mail: Этот адрес электронной почты защищён от спам-ботов. У вас должен быть включен JavaScript для просмотра., ORCID ID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9233-5339.

Gening Tat'yana Petrovna, Doctor of Sciences (Biology), Professor, Head of the Chair of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Ulyanovsk State University. 432017, Russia, Ulyanovsk, L. Tolstoy St., 42; e-mail: Этот адрес электронной почты защищён от спам-ботов. У вас должен быть включен JavaScript для просмотра., ORCID ID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5117-1382.

 

For citation

Zayneeva R.Sh., Gil'mutdinova A.K., Zolotovskiy I.O., Khokhlova A.V., Ribenek V.A., Gening T.P. Lazernye ad"yuvanty: osobennosti i osnovnye kharakteristiki [Laser adjuvants: Key features and specificity]. Ul'yanovskiy mediko-biologicheskiy zhurnal. 2022; 4: 93–108. DOI: 10.34014/2227-1848-2022-4-93-108 (in Russian).

 

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УДК 615.375

DOI 10.34014/2227-1848-2022-4-93-108

ЛАЗЕРНЫЕ АДЪЮВАНТЫ: ОСОБЕННОСТИ И ОСНОВНЫЕ ХАРАКТЕРИСТИКИ

Р.Ш. Зайнеева, А.K. Гильмутдинова, И.О. Золотовский, А.В. Хохлова, В.А. Рибенек, Т.П. Генинг

ФГБОУ ВО «Ульяновский государственный университет», г. Ульяновск, Россия

 

Повышение эффективности вакцинации и поиск новых адъювантов, действующих непосредственно на иммунокомпетентные клетки и стимулирующих формирование выраженного адаптивного иммунного ответа, остаются значимыми проблемами современной медицины. На сегодняшний день в качестве адъювантов используют соли алюминия и другие химические вещества, имеющие определенные побочные действия. Поэтому актуальным является поиск других методов повышения эффективности вакцинации при снижении токсического действия на организм человека. Одним из них является лазерное облучение места введения вакцины, которое в том числе позволяет снизить ее количество.

Целью настоящего обзора является анализ публикаций, посвященных использованию лазерных источников для стимуляции иммунного ответа.

Известно, что 4 различных класса лазерных устройств системно усиливают иммунный ответ на внутрикожную вакцинацию: импульсные лазеры, лазеры, работающие в непрерывном режиме, неабляционные фракционные лазеры и абляционные фракционные лазеры. Каждый тип лазерного вакцинного адъюванта характеризуется параметрами излучения, способами действия и иммунологическими адъювантными эффектами, которые имеют значительные отличия. Рассмотрены основные классы лазерных устройств, используемых в качестве иммунологических адъювантов. Индивидуальные особенности каждого из них помогут подобрать наиболее эффективный вариант для достижения клинической цели при использовании определенной вакцины.

Ключевые слова: лазерный адъювант, импульсные лазеры, непрерывные лазеры, неабляционные фракционные лазеры, абляционные фракционные лазеры, внутрикожная вакцинация.

 

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Поступила в редакцию 01.07.2022; принята в печать 08.09.2022.

 

Авторский коллектив

Зайнеева Роза Шамилевна – кандидат биологических наук, доцент кафедры физиологии и патофизиологии, ФГБОУ ВО «Ульяновский государственный университет». 432017, Россия, г. Ульяновск, ул. Л. Толстого, 42; e-mail: Этот адрес электронной почты защищён от спам-ботов. У вас должен быть включен JavaScript для просмотра., ORCID ID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7784-2404.

Гильмутдинова Айгуль Камиловна – стажер-исследователь лаборатории нелинейной и микроволновой фотоники Научно-исследовательского технологического института им. С.П. Капицы, ФГБОУ ВО «Ульяновский государственный университет». 432017, Россия, г. Ульяновск, ул. Л. Толстого, 42; e-mail: Этот адрес электронной почты защищён от спам-ботов. У вас должен быть включен JavaScript для просмотра., ORCID ID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9937-8000.

Золотовский Игорь Олегович – кандидат физико-математических наук, ведущий научный сотрудник лаборатории нелинейной и микроволновой фотоники Научно-исследовательского технологического института им. С.П. Капицы, ФГБОУ ВО «Ульяновский государственный университет». 432017, Россия, г. Ульяновск, ул. Л. Толстого, 42; e-mail: Этот адрес электронной почты защищён от спам-ботов. У вас должен быть включен JavaScript для просмотра., ORCID ID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1793-5211.

Хохлова Анна Вячеславовна – младший научный сотрудник лаборатории нелинейной и микроволновой фотоники Научно-исследовательского технологического института им. С.П. Капицы, ФГБОУ ВО «Ульяновский государственный университет». 432017, Россия, г. Ульяновск, ул. Л. Толстого, 42; e-mail: Этот адрес электронной почты защищён от спам-ботов. У вас должен быть включен JavaScript для просмотра., ORCID ID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3976-8805.

Рибенек Валерия Александровна – стажер-исследователь лаборатории нелинейной и микроволновой фотоники Научно-исследовательского технологического института им. С.П. Капицы, ФГБОУ ВО «Ульяновский государственный университет». 432017, Россия, г. Ульяновск, ул. Л. Толстого, 42; e-mail: Этот адрес электронной почты защищён от спам-ботов. У вас должен быть включен JavaScript для просмотра., ORCID ID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9233-5339.

Генинг Татьяна Петровна – доктор биологических наук, профессор, заведующий кафедрой физиологии и патофизиологии, ФГБОУ ВО «Ульяновский государственный университет». 432017, Россия, г. Ульяновск, ул. Л. Толстого, 42; e-mail: Этот адрес электронной почты защищён от спам-ботов. У вас должен быть включен JavaScript для просмотра., ORCID ID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5117-1382.

 

Образец цитирования

Зайнеева Р.Ш., Гильмутдинова А.K., Золотовский И.О., Хохлова А.В., Рибенек В.А., Генинг Т.П. Лазерные адъюванты: особенности и основные характеристики. Ульяновский медико-биологический журнал. 2022; 4: 93–108. DOI: 10.34014/2227-1848-2022-4-93-108.